![]() ![]() Males and females are often strikingly sexually dichromatic adult males generally exhibit bright and diverse colors, but females tend to have dull color. Ĭoloration is the most salient variable character among congeneric Lake Malawi cichlid species and thus it has attracted many researchers' interests particularly in its role for sexual selection and thus for speciation –. In Lake Malawi, numerous haplochromine cichlid species between 500 to 800 have been formed through adaptive radiation within the past million years from a few common ancestors from neighboring rivers with subsequent genomic contributions from river cichlids that currently survives outside the Lake Malawi catchment these species have adapted to various habitats and diets with high diversity in morphology and coloration –. Thus, these species flocks comprise a central subject of research in the field of evolution –. Within these lakes evolution has formed roughly 1450 to 1750 different cichlid species by rapid speciation. The African great lakes, including lakes Malawi, Tanganyika and Victoria, are grand reservoirs of species of fishes in the family Cichlidae. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. CP is supported by a post-doc fellowship (SFRH/BPD/28869/2006) from FCT. Field work was supported by grant PTDC/BIA-BDE/66210/2006 from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.įunding: This work was supported by the Ewha Global Top5 Grant 2013 of Ewha Womans University, Korea. Received: JAccepted: SeptemPublished: October 25, 2013Ĭopyright: © 2013 Joo et al. PLoS ONE 8(10):Įditor: Claude Wicker-Thomas, CNRS, France The variables that contributed most to the accuracy were body height and the hue of the most frequent color.Ĭitation: Joo D, Kwan Y-s, Song J, Pinho C, Hey J, Won Y-J (2013) Identification of Cichlid Fishes from Lake Malawi Using Computer Vision. The programs were able to classify 594 live cichlid individuals belonging to 12 different classes (species and sexes) with an average accuracy of 78%, contrasting to a mere 42% success rate by human eyes. Besides the coloration and stripe pattern, body shape variables boosted the accuracy of classification by about 10%. Both classifiers performed better when body shape information was added to the feature of color and stripe. The extracted information was evaluated by statistical classifiers Support Vector Machine and Random Forests. For this end we developed a pipeline that integrates multiple image processing tools to automatically extract informative features of color and stripe patterns from a large set of photographic images of wild cichlids. Here we demonstrate a method for automatic classification of the Lake Malawi cichlids based on computer vision and geometric morphometrics. ![]()
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